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Energy dominance as diplomatic leverage
Energy sanctions are becoming an increasingly prominent tool of US foreign policy, with the country’s growth in oil and gas production allowing it to impose pressure on rivals without jeopardising its own energy security or that of its allies, argues Matthew McManus, a visiting fellow at the National Center for Energy Analytics
Explainer: Fujairah on high alert
With the Strait of Hormuz effectively closed following US-Israel strikes and Iran’s retaliatory escalation, Fujairah has become the region’s critical pressure release valve—and is now under serious threat
Middle East oil vulnerabilities have been exposed
The killing of Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Khamenei in US–Israeli strikes marks the most serious escalation in the region in decades and a bigger potential threat to the oil market than the start of the Russia-Ukraine crisis
Touchstone advances Central strategy
Canadian independent’s evolving portfolio in Trinidad and Tobago gives it access to the Atlantic LNG market and a close-up view of developments in neighbouring Venezuela
Upstream looks to deepwater rescue
The deepwater sector must be brave by fast-tracking projects and making progress to seize huge offshore opportunities and not become bogged down by capacity constraints and consolidation
EU sanctions push stalls ahead of fourth anniversary of Russian invasion
As Europe marks the fourth anniversary of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, EU efforts to tighten sanctions on Moscow have stalled
Kazakhstan lays groundwork for transformation
The country is pushing to increase production and expand key projects despite challenges including OPEC+ discipline and the limitations of its export infrastructure
Letter from Iran: Testing times for Tehran-Beijing crude dynamics
Growing pressure from the Trump administration continues to threaten a resilient China-Iran oil nexus
Nigeria in upstream charm offensive
The country has opened bidding on 50 blocks in a new licensing round but will face competition for attention and will need to address concerns about security and legislation
Letter from Saudi Arabia: Big oil meets big shovel
As Saudi Arabia pushes mining as a new pillar of its economy, Saudi Aramco is positioning itself at the intersection of hydrocarbons, minerals and industrial policy
A Libyan militia member in 2019
Libya Politics Upstream
Chris Stephen
18 February 2025
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Libya’s armed oil industry takeover

Booming crude production has been met with international caution after the UN’s damning assessment

A devastating UN report concluding armed groups now control Libya’s oil industry has dampened enthusiasm about the country’s recent unexpected production boom. Oil output, which had languished at less than 1.2m b/d for four years, has jumped to 1.4m b/d in as many months, according to Libya’s National Oil Corporation (NOC), although the figure is questioned by analysts. Investors will likely remain cautious about Libya’s prospects after the UN Security Council’s Panel of Experts reported that militia chiefs now have senior positions in NOC, which controls Libya’s oil production. “Armed groups in Libya have achieved an unprecedented level of influence over state institutions” UN Panel o

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Energy dominance as diplomatic leverage
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