Newsletters | Request Trial | Log in | Advertise | Digital Issue   |   Search
  • Upstream
  • Midstream & Downstream
  • Gas & LNG
  • Trading & Markets
  • Corporate & Finance
  • Geopolitics
  • Podcasts
Search
Related Articles
Letter from China: Anger erupts at Covid policy
The revolt against zero-Covid is significant but is unlikely to sway Beijing this winter
Letter from Beijing: Refiners hoping for summer rebound
Easing of Covid restrictions looks set to lead to surge in domestic travel
Letter from Beijing: Covid relapse threatens demand
China’s rebounding appetite for energy is being undermined by fresh lockdowns and quarantine measures
Letter from Houston: Omicron moves the dial
Covid-19 variant sends oil price tumbling as SPR release makes little impact
Letter from China: Covid resurgence compounds economic concerns
China’s economy faces headwinds that go beyond than the arrival of the Delta variant
Outlook positive for India despite Covid woes
The county’s crude demand may remain constrained this year, but the future is still bright
Oil traders focus on fundamentals, not geopolitics
Tolerance for perceived political risk has expanded, but such complacency could be dangerous
Indian oil and gas less disrupted by second Covid wave
The greater human toll of the latest spike in coronavirus cases is not mirrored in India’s hydrocarbons markets
Letter from the Middle East: Green shoots of recovery
There are many reasons to be cheerful across the Mena oil and gas patch
Worst is over for US refining
Wave of recent refinery closures and competitive edge make consolidation increasingly less likely
Covid-19
Serena Huang
17 December 2020
Follow @PetroleumEcon
Forward article link
Share PDF with colleagues

Refining faces extended Covid effect

A partial recovery is unlikely to segue into a strong year to come

The refining industry is far from out of the woods going into 2021, even though demand has rebounded from the lows of the second quarter of 2020. The oversupply that has accrued will continue to expedite a global trend of refinery closures and rationalisations already announced during 2020. But China will be a notable exception. The windfall on which refiners were counting from a rise in low sulphur marine fuel demand following IMO 2020 failed to materialise as Covid-19 overtook events. Global oil demand registered its largest decline this century, plunging by 20-25mn bl/d at the pandemic’s peak. Refining margins tumbled as the oil surplus ballooned, sending combined crude and refined produc

Also in this section
The 25th WPC Energy Congress: Executive and Technical Programme Overview
17 February 2026
The 25th WPC Energy Congress, taking place in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from 26–30 April 2026, will bring together leaders from the political, industrial, financial and technology sectors under the unifying theme “Pathways to an Energy Future for All”
Local roots, global impact: Siemens Energy’s role in Saudi Arabia
17 February 2026
Siemens Energy has been active in the Kingdom for nearly a century, evolving over that time from a project-based foreign supplier to a locally operating multi-national company with its own domestic supply chain and workforce
Eni: Charting a distinct strategy in LNG and beyond
17 February 2026
Eni’s chief operating officer for global natural resources, Guido Brusco, takes stock of the company’s key achievements over the past year, and what differentiates its strategy from those of its peers in the LNG sector and beyond
A transitional year for gas markets in Europe and beyond
16 February 2026
As the third wave of global LNG arrives, Wood Mackenzie’s director for Europe gas and LNG, Tom Marzec-Manser, discusses with Petroleum Economist the outlook for Europe’s gas market in 2026

Share PDF with colleagues

COPYRIGHT NOTICE: PDF sharing is permitted internally for Petroleum Economist Gold Members only. Usage of this PDF is restricted by <%= If(IsLoggedIn, User.CompanyName, "")%>’s agreement with Petroleum Economist – exceeding the terms of your licence by forwarding outside of the company or placing on any external network is considered a breach of copyright. Such instances are punishable by fines of up to US$1,500 per infringement
Send

Forward article Link

Send
Sign Up For Our Newsletter
Project Data
Maps
Podcasts
Social Links
Featured Video
Home
  • About us
  • Subscribe
  • Reaching your audience
  • PE Store
  • Terms and conditions
  • Contact us
  • Privacy statement
  • Cookies
  • Sitemap
All material subject to strictly enforced copyright laws © 2025 The Petroleum Economist Ltd
Cookie Settings
;

Search